Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
DENİZ Y. (Yürütücü), ÇETİN GENÇ Ç., ORHAN K.
Yükseköğretim Kurumları Destekli Proje, BAP Araştırma Projesi, 2023 - 2024
Congenital and developmental defects in the oral and maxillofacial region, pathological
formations such as cysts, tumors, and trauma may cause defects in bone and soft tissue that
cannot heal spontaneously. Therefore, some biocompatible materials are needed to recover hard
and soft tissue. Biomaterials used for the regeneration of lost tissues and organs have an
important role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Biological scaffolds produced
from natural and synthetic polymers can support tissue or organ formation in vivo and in vitro
conditions.
In this study, within the scope of bone tissue engineering application; A new scaffold was
formed by impregnating quince seed mucilage with nanohydroxyapatite bone (nHA). In order
to imitate the natural microarchitecture and environment of the bone, 3D bioscales were
produced using 3 different proportions of nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) in quince seed mucilage.
As a result of SEM imaging and EDX analysis, it was concluded that the best surface
morphology and pore sizes were obtained with 1: 1 ratio of QSM/ nHAp scaffolds in 3 different
ratios. After the biological scaffolds were prepared, they were tested physicochemical,
mechanically, and biologically. TGA, mechanical compression test, porosity and liquid
retention tests, BET-BJH analysis, contact angle analysis, biodegradability tests were
performed for the characterization of the material. When the results of the TGA analysis were
examined, it was found that their structures began to degrade at 330 ° C and above. It has been
observed that the scaffolds can withstand 108.11 ± 9.3 kPa maximum compressive strength
value and 76.02 ± 4.6% maximum compression stress value in their mechanical values. The
average pore diameter of the scaffolds was 99.77 ± 28.96 µm, and the porosity of QSM/ nHAp
was determined as 72.04 ± 1.12% by liquid displacement analysis. The swelling rate of QSM/
nHAp was 6522.77 ± 190.57% and the volume of liquid the scaffold can carry was 221.56 ±
7.92µL. In the contact angle analysis 35.71 μL / sec was obtained. As a result of BET-BJH
analysis, the surface area of the scaffolds was determined as 6.255 m² / g, pore volume 0.028
(mL / g) and pore diameter as 8.7758 nm. At the end of the biodegradability test, the
biodegradation value was 3.22 ± 0.10% on the 7th day and 3.56 ± 0.43% on the 14th day. After
the surface morphology and structural analysis of the scaffolds; mesenchymal stem cells
(human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells-hAMSCs) were planted on scaffolds, culture
was followed on 7th, 14th and 21st days and MTT test was performed. A high degree of cell
viability was observed during the cell culture period, 7., 14. There was no statistically12
significant difference in cell viability between days and 21 days (Ф p˃0.05).
For histological evaluation; Hematoxylin-Eosin, Masson's trichrome, and von Kossa
staining were used. Immunohistochemical analyzes were performed with Osteonectin,
Osteopontin, Osteocalcin, and Bone sialoprotein. Besides, biological markers such as
Osteonectin, Osteopontin, Osteocalcin, and Bone sialoprotein used in immunochemical
analyzes, RT-PCR (Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction) analyzes were performed at the
gene expression level. According to histochemical / immunohistochemical (IH / C) staining and
qRT-PCR results, the expression of osteogenesis-related biomarkers in QSM-nHAp was found
to increase over time.
As a result, we think that the developed QSM / nHAp scaffolds have the potential to be
used in bone tissue repair in the maxillofacial region and further studies are needed.
Keywords: Nanohydroxyapatite, Quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) Seed Mucilage, Bone
Tissue Engineering, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Osteogenic Differentiation