The modernization process, which started in the Tanzimat period and continued rapidly, laid the groundwork for the current legal system, as well as the root of many of the philosophical, social and administrative problems known to exist today. This sentence, which is the driving force of the study, was the main motive that prompted the desire to create an Islamic fiqh and education phenomenon in the context of change in the history of law. In this sense, it is thought that knowing the period well will contribute to the solution of these problems rather than reacting to the problems in the current legal system. In this study, it was aimed to determine which phase the Islamic fiqh system followed simultaneously with the phenomenon of change, on a historical background where the mistakes that should not be done are more than what has been done and experienced. It was aimed to create understanding of the Islamic fiqh philosophy and mentality of the period, with particular emphasis on reforms. The “historical research method” was used in the research. With this method, it was aimed to analyze the period that constitutes the subject of the study with a critical eye and to produce information and make the subject meaningful by making the correct analysis and synthesis of the period. All the data obtained on the subject were tried to be analyzed with the method of criticism to the extent possible. The correct analysis of today’s legal problems needs an objective interpretation of the legal and fiqh system realized in the last period of the Ottoman Empire. If it is desired to live in accordance with today’s civil and contemporary conditions, the customs and traditions that take place in the national conscience should be given utmost importance, and the foreign law legislation that does not comply with the cultural codes of our country must reviewed. Keywords: Fiqh, Tanzimat, Change, Law, Madrasa.