Turkish Journal of Analytical Chemistry (Online), vol.3, no.1, pp.1-8, 2021 (Peer-Reviewed Journal)
Currently, there are no specific drugs for the severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, designated as coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19). Several therapeutic options including
antiviral, antithrombotic, immunosuppressive, and anti-rheumatic drugs
are researched all over the world. Analytical methods are needed in
every step of innovation, research, development, and manufacturing
process of pharmaceuticals, therefore new analytical methods for
pharmaceuticals are developed and validated increasingly over time. In
this review, recent reports on electroanalytical techniques for the
determination of selected COVID-19 drugs, favipiravir (FAV), remdesivir
(REM), lopinavir (LOP) / ritonavir (RIT), and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)
were emphasized. Electroanalysis of antiviral active pharmaceutical
ingredients carried out at various modified or non-modified electrodes
by cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), differential
pulse voltammetry (DPV), and square wave voltammetry (SWV) were
compiled from the literature. The effects of supporting electrolyte and
pH on the current and potential of the analytical signal were evaluated.
Scan rate results obtained by the CV method showed whether the redox
process of the drug active ingredient diffusion or adsorption controlled
at the electrode used in the selected solvent-supporting electrolyte
and pH systems. Linearity range and the limit of detection (LOD) of
applied electroanalytical methods were compared by combining the results
obtained from drug active ingredients given in references.