Halloysite nanotube reinforcement endows ameliorated fracture resistance of seawater aged basalt/epoxy composites

Ulus H., KAYBAL H. B., ESKİZEYBEK V., Avci A.

JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS, vol.54, no.20, pp.2761-2779, 2020 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 54 Issue: 20
  • Publication Date: 2020
  • Doi Number: 10.1177/0021998320902821
  • Journal Name: JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Aerospace Database, Applied Science & Technology Source, Chimica, Communication Abstracts, Compendex, Computer & Applied Sciences, INSPEC, Metadex, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Page Numbers: pp.2761-2779
  • Keywords: Halloysite nanotube, basalt fiber, seawater aging, fracture toughness, mechanical test, INTERLAMINAR SHEAR BEHAVIOR, MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES, WATER-ABSORPTION, CARBON NANOTUBES, HYBRID NANOCOMPOSITES, FIBER, TOUGHNESS, GLASS, POLYMER, IMPACT
  • Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Seawater aging-dominated delamination failure is a critical design parameter for marine composites. Modification of matrix with nanosized reinforcements of fiber-reinforced polymer composites comes forward as an effective way to improve the delamination resistance of marine composites. In this study, we aimed to investigate experimentally the effect of halloysite nanotube nanoreinforcements on the fracture performance of artificial seawater aged basalt-epoxy composites. For this, we introduced various amounts of halloysite nanotubes into the epoxy and the halloysite nanotube-epoxy mixtures were used to impregnate to basalt fabrics via vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding, subsequently. Fracture performances of the halloysite nanotubes modified epoxy and basalt/epoxy composite laminated were evaluated separately. Single edge notched tensile tests were conducted on halloysite nanotube modified epoxy nanocomposites and the average stress intensity factor (K-IC) was increased from 1.65 to 2.36 MPa.m(1/2) (by 43%) with the incorporation of 2 wt % halloysite nanotubes. The interlaminar shear strength and Mode-I interlaminar fracture toughness (G(IC)) of basalt-epoxy hybrid composites were enhanced from 36.1 to 42.9 MPa and from 1.22 to 1.44 kJ/m(2), respectively. Moreover, the hybrid composites exhibited improved seawater aging performance by almost 52% and 34% in interlaminar shear strength and G(IC) values compared to the neat basalt-epoxy composites after conditioning in seawater for six months, respectively. We proposed a model to represent fracture behavior of the seawater aged hybrid composite based on scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy analyses.