15th International Congress on Agricultural Mechanization and Energy in Agriculture ANKAgEng’2023, SAÇILIK KAMİL,Auat Cheein Fernando,C. Abhilash Purushothaman,Cavallo Eugenio,Marinello Francesco,Muthukumarappan Kasiviswanathan, Editör, Springer Nature, Zug, ss.51-59, 2024
Conventional tillage; it is an application where most of the plant residues
are buried or burned under the ground, and the plant residues on the soil
surface are less than 15% after planting. With the environmental awareness that
developed after the 1970s, alternative methods have been developed that mini-mize
the field traffic and soil tillage without overturning it. In this method,
which is defined as conservation tillage, the main criterion is that the field
surface is covered with at least 30% plant residue. Reduced tillage forms the
subgroup of conservation tillage. In this system, chisel or disc tools are
generally used for primary tillage, harrow disc or cultivators are used for
secondary tillage and seedbed prepa-ration. In tillage application, no-tillage
is done before planting after the previous crop harvest. Sowing is done
directly on the previous crop stubble without seedbed preparation. In this
research; no-tillage (direct seeder), reduced tillage (rototiller) and
conventional (moldboard plow + disc harrow + roller) tillage methods were tested
in terms of plant distribution and plant emergence uniformity. The mean emergence
date, emergence rate index and percentage of emergence values were calculated
for that. In the research, the best mean emergence time value was deter-mined
in the reduced tillage method with 15.18 days, the highest emergence rate index
and percentage of emergence value were determined in the conventional tillage
method with 20.7 plants/day m2 and 70.4%, respectively.