Best practices for fish biosecurity, well-being and sustainable aquaculture


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Can E., Austin B., Steinberg C. E., Carboni C., Sağlam N., Thompson K., ...Daha Fazla

Sustainable Aquatic Research, cilt.2, sa.3, ss.221-267, 2023 (Hakemli Dergi)

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Derleme
  • Cilt numarası: 2 Sayı: 3
  • Basım Tarihi: 2023
  • Doi Numarası: 10.5281/zenodo.10444855
  • Dergi Adı: Sustainable Aquatic Research
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Index Copernicus
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.221-267
  • Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Since its inception ~6000 years ago, aquaculture has evolved to enable its survival  and  growth  to  become  a  major  contributor  of  protein  of  high nutritional value for human consumption, thereby improving food security and reducing poverty.  Best practices have been established and updated to reflect developments as they occurred.  Currently, best practices reflect all  aspects  of  production  from  site  selection  and  especially  location  in terms  of  proximity  to  other  farms,  construction  and maintenance  of  the facilities, management practices, stock selection and acquisition, nutrition, biosecurity, disease control, and processing.  Concerns about aquaculture continue to be addressed, and include the effects of pollution, such as from uneaten food and feces on the aquatic environment, and the needs of other users  of  waterways,  such  as  for  recreation/tourism.  Best  practices  have been formalized into accredited standards, such as ISO 9000, and form the basis   of   Certification   by   the  Global   Seafood   Alliance.   With   the intensification  of  aquaculture,  the  provision  of  total  food requirements became necessary for the farmed stock.  This has led to the development of  feeds capable  of  providing  all  the  nutritional  needs  of  the  farmed species. Concerns about the sustainability of some feed components, such as  protein  from  trash  fish,  are  ongoing.    Disease  management  has progressed from a curative approach (= therapy) with chemicals/antibiotics  to  prophylaxis  with  vaccines,  probiotics  and  plant products.    Best  practices  encompass  the  most  up  to  date  technology, including engineering, life sciences and nanotechnology.  For the future, aquaculture is likely to remain at the forefront of ingenuity with the goal of increasing its contribution to human nutrition.