The relationship between environmental taxes and income distribution has become an important topic of discussion in recent years. These discussions began in the 1990s, with a series of tax reforms in many countries both to reduce environmental pollution and to increase employment. With these tax reforms, the tax burden on labor and capital has been shifted onto products that cause environmental pollution. This radical changes in the tax system of countries has led to an increase in the price of many products. It is fairly hard to say that all segments of society are equally affected by the increase in prices. In this context, the aim of the article is to empirically determine effects on the income distribution of energy, transportation and other environmental taxes applied in 25 OECD member countries and give suggestions for reducing the negative effects of these taxes. In this study, the long term effects of energy, transportation and other environmental taxes on income distribution were examined by panel data method between 2000 and 2015. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that while energy and other environmental taxes distort income distribution, transportation taxes improved the distribution of income