Sustainable Bitumen Modification: Investigating the Effects of Biomass-Based Activated Carbon as an Additive
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s13369-026-11667-3
- Dergi Adı: Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, zbMATH, Materials Science & Engineering Collection (ProQuest), Technology Collection (ProQuest)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Activated carbon, Additives, Modification, Rheology, SBS
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Bitumen is a fundamental binder widely used in road pavements due to its flexibility, adhesiveness, and water resistance. However, its high-temperature susceptibility and insufficient aging resistance necessitate modification. Styrene–Butadiene–Styrene (SBS) is one of the most commonly used additives for bitumen modification, enhancing its rheological and mechanical properties. However, due to its high cost and environmental impact, the search for sustainable alternatives has gained importance. In this study, the feasibility of using biomass waste as an innovative additive in bitumen modification was investigated. Active carbon was obtained from olive pomace/sludge and pomegranate waste through chemical processes, and these materials were incorporated into bitumen at 5%, 10%, and 15% concentrations to produce modified binders. The effects of modification on the binder were comprehensively evaluated through penetration, softening point, rotational viscometer (RV), and dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) tests. According to the results, SBS exhibited the highest modification performance among all additives. However, the binder containing 15% of the first type of active carbon (1–15) provided penetration and phase angle values closest to those of the SBS-modified binder. In viscosity tests, the effect of active carbon additives was lower than that of SBS, likely due to their chemical structure. In terms of rutting resistance at high temperatures, SBS demonstrated the best performance, followed by the 1–15 binder. Additionally, active carbon additives improved the low-temperature flexibility of the binder. These findings suggest that sustainable and cost-effective alternative additives can be effectively utilized in bitumen modification.