Two Neglected Biologic Risk Factors in Bone Grafting and Implantology: High Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Low Serum Vitamin D

CHOUKROUN J., Khoury G., KHOURY F., RUSSE P., Testori T., KOMIYAMA Y., ...More

JOURNAL OF ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY, vol.40, no.1, pp.110-114, 2014 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Review
  • Volume: 40 Issue: 1
  • Publication Date: 2014
  • Doi Number: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-13-00062
  • Journal Name: JOURNAL OF ORAL IMPLANTOLOGY
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Page Numbers: pp.110-114
  • Keywords: cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, vitamin D, failures, implants, bone grafts, infections, immune defense, osseointegration
  • Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Affiliated: No

Abstract

Following a failure of a bone graft or an implant placement, the hypothesis of a biological abnormality is rarely considered as a possible cause. A systematic search of peer-reviewed literature for dyslipidemia or vitamin D deficiency may explain this lack of consideration. Excess low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (dyslipidemia) is responsible for a slower bone metabolism or lower dental implant osseointegration. In addition, vitamin D is a key factor for linking innate and adaptive immunity. Both of these factors are compromised under the conditions of vitamin D deficiency. Therefore, vitamin D deficiency slows implant osseointegration and increases the risk of graft infection. Vitamin D is also involved in immune function and therefore allergic reactions.