Humoral immune response of <i>Galleria mellonella</i> after mono- and co-injection with <i>Hypericum perforatum</i> extract and <i>Candida albicans</i>

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Genç T., Kaya S., Günay M., Çakaloğlu Ç.

APMIS, cilt.132, sa.5, ss.358-370, 2024 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 132 Sayı: 5
  • Basım Tarihi: 2024
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1111/apm.13383
  • Dergi Adı: APMIS
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Veterinary Science Database
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.358-370
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Greater wax moth, insect immunity, gene expression, plant extract, pathogen
  • Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Galleria mellonella is used as a model organism to study the innate immune response of insects. In this study, the

humoral immune response was assessed by examining phenoloxidase activity, fungal burden, and the expression of phenoloxidase

and antimicrobial peptide genes at different time point following separate and combined injections of Hypericum

perforatum extract and a nonlethal dose of Candida albicans. The administration of a plant extract at low doses

increased phenoloxidase activity, while higher doses had no effect. Similarly, co-injection of a low dose of the extract

with the pathogen allowed half of the yeast cells to survive after 24 h. Co-injection of plant extract with the pathogen

decreased the phenoloxidase activity at the end of 4 h compared to C. albicans mono-injection. The phenoloxidase gene

expressions was reduced in all experimental conditions with respect to the control. When plant extracts and the pathogen

were administered together, gallerimycin and hemolin gene expressions were considerably higher compared to

mono-injections of plant extracts and the pathogen. The results of this study reveal that gene activation and regulatory

mechanisms may change for each immune gene, and that recognition and signaling pathways may differ depending on

the involved immunoregulator.